Sanitary Pad Raw Material Composition and Properties

# Sanitary Pad Raw Material Composition and Properties

## Introduction to Sanitary Pad Components

Sanitary pads are essential feminine hygiene products designed to absorb menstrual flow. The effectiveness and comfort of these products largely depend on the quality and composition of their raw materials. Understanding the materials used in sanitary pad production helps consumers make informed choices about the products they use.

## Core Materials in Sanitary Pads

### 1. Top Sheet (Cover Stock)

The top sheet is the layer that comes in direct contact with the skin. It’s typically made from:

– Non-woven polypropylene or polyethylene
– Perforated plastic film
– Cotton or bamboo fiber blends

Properties: Soft, breathable, and quick-drying to prevent skin irritation and maintain comfort.

### 2. Absorbent Core

This is the central layer responsible for fluid absorption. Common materials include:

– Fluff pulp (wood cellulose)
– Superabsorbent polymers (SAP)
– Combination of both

Properties: High absorbency, good retention capacity, and ability to lock in moisture to prevent leakage.

### 3. Back Sheet

The bottom layer that prevents leakage and protects clothing. Materials include:

– Polyethylene film
– Breathable microporous films
– Biodegradable materials like PLA (polylactic acid)

Properties: Waterproof, flexible, and comfortable against clothing.

### 4. Adhesive Components

These include:

– Pressure-sensitive adhesives for pad attachment to underwear
– Hot melt adhesives for layer bonding

Properties: Strong enough to stay in place but gentle on fabrics.

## Additional Components

### 1. Wing Materials

For winged sanitary pads, the wings are typically made from:

– Non-woven materials
– Elastic components for better fit

### 2. Fragrance Additives (Optional)

Some pads include:

– Natural essential oils
– Synthetic fragrances
– Odor-neutralizing agents

### 3. Release Paper

The protective layer removed before use, usually made from:

– Siliconized paper
– Plastic film

## Material Properties and Performance

The combination of these materials creates pads with specific performance characteristics:

– Absorption capacity: Ranges from light to heavy flow protection
– Dryness: Ability to keep surface dry after absorption
– Comfort: Softness and breathability
– Fit: Contouring to body shape
– Safety: Hypoallergenic and dermatologically tested materials

## Environmental Considerations

Recent developments include:

– Biodegradable materials
– Organic cotton options
– Chlorine-free bleaching processes
– Reduced plastic content

Manufacturers continue to innovate with sustainable materials while maintaining product performance and comfort standards.