Sanitary Pad Raw Material Composition and Properties

# Sanitary Pad Raw Material Composition and Properties

## Introduction to Sanitary Pad Materials

Sanitary pads are essential feminine hygiene products designed to absorb menstrual flow. The quality and performance of these products largely depend on their raw material composition. Understanding the materials used in sanitary pad production helps consumers make informed choices and manufacturers improve product quality.

## Core Components of Sanitary Pads

### 1. Top Sheet (Cover Layer)

The top sheet is the layer that comes in direct contact with the skin. It’s typically made from:

– Non-woven fabric (polypropylene or polyethylene)
– Perforated plastic film
– Cotton or bamboo fiber blends

Key properties: Softness, breathability, quick-drying capability

### 2. Absorbent Core

This is the central layer responsible for fluid absorption. Common materials include:

– Fluff pulp (wood cellulose)
– Superabsorbent polymers (SAP)
– Combination of both

SAP can absorb many times its weight in liquid, making modern pads thinner yet more effective.

### 3. Back Sheet

The bottom layer prevents leakage and provides structural support. Materials include:

– Polyethylene film
– Breathable microporous films
– Biodegradable materials (in eco-friendly options)

Properties: Liquid-proof, flexible, comfortable

## Additional Components

### 1. Adhesive Layer

– Pressure-sensitive adhesive for panty attachment
– Usually made from synthetic rubber or acrylic compounds

### 2. Release Paper

Protects the adhesive before use, typically made from silicon-coated paper.

## Material Properties and Considerations

### 1. Absorbency

The combination of fluff pulp and SAP determines:
– Absorption capacity
– Retention capability
– Distribution efficiency

### 2. Comfort Factors

– Breathability (especially important for back sheet)
– Softness (top sheet texture)
– Flexibility (for body movement)

### 3. Safety Standards

Materials must be:
– Hypoallergenic
– Free from harmful chemicals
– Dermatologically tested

## Emerging Trends in Material Selection

### 1. Eco-friendly Alternatives

– Biodegradable top sheets (bamboo, cornstarch-based)
– Plant-based SAP
– Compostable back sheets

### 2. Enhanced Comfort Features

– Organic cotton covers
– Aloe vera or vitamin E coatings
– Odor-control additives

### 3. Smart Materials

– Temperature-regulating fabrics
– Moisture-indicating technologies
– Antibacterial treatments

## Conclusion

The composition of sanitary pad raw materials directly affects product performance, comfort, and safety. As technology advances, we’re seeing more innovative materials that combine superior functionality with environmental responsibility. Understanding these components helps both manufacturers in product development and consumers in making better purchasing decisions.