Sanitary Napkins Raw Material Composition and Properties

# Sanitary Napkins Raw Material Composition and Properties

Sanitary napkins are essential personal care products designed to provide comfort and hygiene during menstruation. Understanding the raw materials used in their production is crucial for ensuring quality and safety. This article delves into the composition and properties of the primary materials used in sanitary napkins.

## 1. Absorbent Core

The absorbent core is the heart of a sanitary napkin, responsible for absorbing menstrual fluid. It is typically made from a blend of fluff pulp and superabsorbent polymers (SAP).

### Fluff Pulp

Fluff pulp is a type of wood pulp that is highly absorbent and soft. It is derived from softwood trees like pine and spruce. The properties of fluff pulp include:

– High absorbency
– Soft texture
– Biodegradability

### Superabsorbent Polymers (SAP)

SAPs are synthetic materials that can absorb and retain large amounts of liquid relative to their own mass. They are usually made from sodium polyacrylate. Key properties include:

– Exceptional absorbency
– Gel formation upon absorption
– Non-toxicity

## 2. Top Sheet

The top sheet is the layer that comes into direct contact with the skin. It is designed to be soft, comfortable, and quick-drying.

### Nonwoven Fabric

Nonwoven fabrics are commonly used for the top sheet. They are made from synthetic fibers like polypropylene or polyethylene. Properties include:

– Softness
– Breathability
– Quick-drying

## 3. Back Sheet

The back sheet is the outermost layer of the sanitary napkin, preventing leakage and providing a barrier to moisture.

### Polyethylene Film

Polyethylene film is often used for the back sheet due to its waterproof properties. Characteristics include:

– Waterproof
– Flexible
– Durable

## 4. Adhesive

Adhesives are used to secure the sanitary napkin to the underwear. They are typically pressure-sensitive adhesives that are safe for skin contact.

### Hot Melt Adhesives

Hot melt adhesives are commonly used for this purpose. They are applied in a molten state and solidify upon cooling. Properties include:

– Strong adhesion
– Flexibility
– Skin-friendly

## 5. Release Paper

Release paper is used to cover the adhesive before use. It is usually made from silicone-coated paper.

### Silicone-Coated Paper

Silicone-coated paper ensures easy removal of the release paper without leaving residue. Properties include:

– Easy release
– Smooth surface
– Durability

## Conclusion

The raw materials used in sanitary napkins are carefully selected to ensure comfort, absorbency, and safety. Each component, from the absorbent core to the release paper, plays a vital role in the overall performance of the product. Understanding these materials and their properties helps in making informed choices and ensuring the quality of sanitary napkins.